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Thursday, 17 May 2012
 
 
Buying a Safer Car PDF Print E-mail
Article Index
Buying a Safer Car
Electronic Stability Control
Side Airbags
The LATCH System
Head Restraints
Cargo Barriers
Safety Belts
What to Avoid
Vehicle Comparisons

Vehicle Comparisons

We've made a chart for each vehicle class to help you figure out the differences in a few categories: cargo capacity, cargo safety, seating capacity, access to 3rd row, LATCH in center, fuel efficiency, back row roomiess, and rollover risk.
 
Cargo Capacity Varies, depending on the size of the trunk--some midsize or large sedans have a tremendous amount of space. Make sure the trunk opening is large enough to accomodate large objects.
Cargo Safety Extremely Safe. The enclosed trunk virtually eliminates the risk of cargo flying into the passenger area.
Seating Capacity

5 seats.

Please note: Some sedans advertise a sixth seat, in the center of the front row. This seat should never be used, as it is extremely dangerous since it has only a lap-belt, not a shoulder belt, and is in the front near the airbags, the dashboard, and the windshield. Without a shoulder belt to protect them, in a crash passengers sitting in this seat will suffer severe head and neck injuries.

Access to 3rd Row Not applicable
LATCH in Center Available on some sedans.
Fuel Efficiency Usually good.
Back Row Roominess

Poor. With 2 carseats in the back seat, there is often not enough room for an adult to sit comfortably (or at all).

Total size of the vehicle is not a good indicator of the roominess of the back row. The biggest factor is how close to the doors (as opposed to the center of the vehicle) the lower LATCH anchors or the vehicle’s safety belts are anchored, as these greatly affect where the car seat must sit. Deep sculpting of the vehicle’s seat back – usually on the sides closest to the door – will force the car seat to sit closer to the center of the vehicle, leaving less room for other passengers/car seats. If you have 2 car seats and want to fit an adult in the back seat, you can maximize space by placing the 2 car seats side by side and allowing the adult to sit on the other side. While this is ideal, it is not possible to SECURELY install two car seats side by side in many sedans.

Rollover Risk Low. Risk is low due to the low center of gravity. The heavier the car becomes, the more stable it becomes.

Minivans

Cargo Capacity Extremely good. Often tremendously large even when the 3rd row is up and being used (Note – it is often the times when you have extra passengers that you also need extra cargo space – so having the ability to fit all the cargo BEHIND the third row is very advantageous)
Cargo Safety Fair. While there is no barrier/screen available to divide the cargo from the passenger area, the cargo area is usually 2 feet lower than the floor of the vehicle, Additionally, it's usually possible to fit all of the cargo behind the 3rd row seats. Both of these mean that cargo is less likely to fly up and over into the passenger area, compared to SUV's and wagons, where the cargo area starts closer and higher to passengers.
Seating Capacity

7 or 8 seats depending on model

The third row seats are usually more comfortable for bigger kids and adults than those of 6-7-8 seater SUV’s. In minivans, the seat pan is usually longer and the seats sit higher off the floor. The center rear position of some minivans still lacks a shoulder belt and a head rest, making it not the safest place for anyone greater than 40 pounds (kids under 40 pounds riding in car seats do not need a shoulder belt or a head rest).

Access to 3rd Row

Varies according to center row seating arrangement. In general, though, access is usually much easier than in an SUV, since you can walk through a minivan but must crawl through an SUV. This is especially important if you have older/elderly passengers who will need to ride in the 3rd row.



--With 2 separate captain’s chairs in the middle row, access to the 3rd row is obtained by walking (or stooping) in front of the middle row seat and then between the two captain’s chairs. Note that if your minivan has doors on either side, you can access the third row from either side.
--With 2 separate captain’s chairs pushed next to each other, or a 2-passenger bench in the 2nd row, access to the third row is obtained from only one side of the vehicle (whichever side does not have a vehicle seating position in the 2nd row).
--With 3 separate captain’s chairs in the middle row you must tumble one of the captain’s chairs to access the third row. In order to tumble the seat, you cannot have a car seat installed in this position. Note that if you have a car seat installed in the center captain’s chair, it may not be possible to tumble the side captain’s chair as the car seat may overhang into the side seat’s territory. This is an issue in the Honda Odyssey (8-seater version) but not in the Toyota Sienna (8-seater version).

LATCH in Center Despite being family vehicles, many minivans only have LATCH in 2 positions. Those that feature LATCH in the center of the 3rd row often have inconvenient LATCH anchor positions, where the anchors are placed more to one side. This means the 3rd row has one very small seat and one very large seat on either side. If you need to fit 3 car seats/boosters across the third row (like for carpool) it is often not possible to use the LATCH system in the center, because you can then only fit one car seat on the side, not two as you would have been able to do if the center seat was more “centered.” The 8-seater Toyota Sienna has the most LATCH positions.
Fuel Efficiency Usually pretty good
Back Row Roominess Captain’s chairs are usually very roomy. On the minivans currently offering an optional 8th seat (in the center row center position) the Toyota Sienna’s seat is a full-sized, whereas that in the Honda Odyssey is about ½ - 2/3 the size of a regular seat. This means it's less comfortable for adults and less accommodating for a car seat. The 3rd row in most minivans typically cannot accommodate three full-size car seats (but often can accommodate 3 narrow back-less boosters).
Rollover Risk More risk than a car, but less risk than SUV's.

SUV's: 5 Seaters

Cargo Capacity Moderate. Remember you can't stack cargo all the way to the roof--only to the top of the rear vehicle seat –- because otherwise you can’t see out the rear-windshield (a serious safety hazard).
Cargo Safety Usually poor. Most 5 Seater SUV's do not have an option for a net/screen that will safely secure cargo and prevent it from flying into the passenger area.
Seating Capacity 5 seats.
Access to 3rd Row Not Applicable
LATCH in Center Currently the Saturn Vue and Buick Rainier are the only 5-seater SUV’s which allow simultaneous installation of 3 car seats using the LATCH system. Note that some car seats may be too wide to allow 3 seats to be installed securely side-by-side whether or not you use LATCH.

There are a few SUV’s where you can install a flexible LATCH child restraint in the center position (using the inboard anchors for the side seats’ LATCH systems) as long as the child restraint instructions state that it can be installed to anchors that are wider than the standard. If installing another car seat in this SUV, you must use the seat belt to secure it on the side (because you cannot use the LATCH in the center and the side simultaneously as this would require sharing an anchor).
Fuel Efficiency Moderate
Back Row Roominess Typically a little more spacious than a sedan (width-wise); i.e. it is more likely (but definitely not always possible) to be able to fit 2 car seats side by side in a small SUV than a sedan.
Rollover Risk Moderate to High
 

SUV's: 6, 7 & 8 Seaters

Cargo Capacity

Usually minimal behind the third row seat. You must fold down the third row seats to obtain maximum cargo space. This can be problematic, since it's often the times that you need the extra cargo space (going on vacation) that you also need the 3rd row seats for passengers. Key exceptions are the Chevrolet Suburban and its clones.

Some people buy “hats” for their SUV’s (trunks that you place on the roof of the vehicle to add extra cargo capacity) but these are likely not a safe choice, because they add to the top-heaviness of these vehicles, making an already more-likely-to-rollover vehicle even more likely to rollover.

Cargo Safety

Usually poor. Most do not have an option for a net/screen that will safely secure the cargo and prevent it from flying into the passenger area. A few 6, 7 & 8 seater SUV’s do have a barrier that has been crash tested and shown to keep cargo from flying forward into the passenger area. But again, most of these barriers cannot be used if someone is sitting in the third row seats.

The 6 seater vehicles – like the Mercedes R class, Ford Freestyle, and Chrysler Pacifica - may be the worst in terms of cargo safety, because stowing anything larger than a small umbrella stroller necessitates folding the 3rd row seats flat. Since there are two captain's chairs in the center row (instead of a solid bench like in most SUV's), it seems as if the cargo has greater access to passengers, sinc eit can fly not only above the captians chairs but also between them.

Seating Capacity

6, 7, or 8 seats.

As mentioned in the Cargo Capacity section, most SUV's do not allow for maximum cargo space and maximum seating capacity at the same time. Keep this in mind when you consider how many people and how much cargo you regularly transport.

Most 3rd row seats are not designed with the utmost of comfort or safety in mind. Older kids and adults sitting in these seats will usually have their knees in their nose, due to the placement of the seat bottom very close to the floor. This positioning can also be dangerous, because it can encourage a person to slouch forward in an attempt to be more comfortable, moving the lap portion of the seat belt off the strong hip bones and onto the vulnerable abdomen.

In addition to being less comfortable, many 3rd row seats are less safe. The safety features found in the front and middle rows of these SUV’s – including head restraints, shoulder belts, safety belt pretensioners, side airbags, which all contribute greatly to passengers' saftey - often do not extend to the third row occupants. The proximity of the rear head-rest/seat back to the back door of the vehicle can also be a safety issue in a rear-impact crash. Some vehicles – including the Toyota Highlander and Volvo XC90 - have reinforced the back of the vehicle in an attempt to prevent intrusion into the passenger’s area in a crash.
 

Access to 3rd Row Accessing the third row is typically only an option for those who are agile and flexible – i.e. your 80 year old mother will likely not be able to stoop/crawl through the car to get to the third row.

Access to the third row is typically obtained by folding the middle row’s passenger seat flat and then climbing through to the third row. This access route will be blocked if a child's car seat is placed on the center row's passenger seat, since the car seat prevents you from folding down the vehicle seat. Leaving the center row's passenger seat open for folding, however, does not always work for families with two or more children. Parents who attempt to avoid using the passenger seat may place two car seats side by side, in the drivers side and center seats, but often still cannot fold down the passenger seat due to extrusion by the car seat placed in the center position. Furthermore, many SUV’s have the back seat divided in what is known as a 60/40 split – the driver + center position occupy 60% of the back seat (30% for the driver’s side seat + 30% for the center seat), and the passenger side occupies the remaining 40%. Two carseats frequently need 70% of the space of the back seat (i.e. the passenger side + center) and often can’t fit into the 60% area (driver side + center).

SUV’s that offer independently folding seats in the center row (Lincoln Navigator, Volvo XC90, and others) offer greater flexibility in gaining access to the third row.

Nonetheless, access to the third row is typically challenging enough that it is not the ideal place for a child in a car seat to ride, as it is difficult for the adult to climb to the back to place them in the seat and secure them properly in the harness straps. A child in a booster seat who can buckle themselves in would be a better option to ride in the third row – if the second row was full.
LATCH in Center Most have only 2 – some have 3.
Fuel Efficiency Usually Poor
2nd Row Roominess Most of the 7 and 8 seater SUV’s are spacious enough to accommodate two car seats side-by-side, leaving an adult enough room to sit on the opposite side. A fair number can accommodate three car seats properly installed in the second row – these include the Acura MDX, Volvo XC90, Toyota Landcruiser/Lexus LX470, LandRover LR3, Lincoln Navigator/Ford Expedition, and others (note that this also depends on the car seats you have selected to install).
Rollover Risk

High. This is due to the SUV's high center of gravity and the fact that the heavier it becomes, the more unstable it becomes. Large SUV's are more likely to roll over because they are also most likely to be carrying the most cargo and passengers. Some SUV’s use technology to decrease the likelihood of rollovers.

A curtain airbag is most important in a vehicle like this, because this type of side airbag will best protect the head during a rollover.


Wagons

Cargo Capacity More trunk space than a sedan, and easier to load since the opening is usually taller and wider. Just remember that the cargo space does not extend to the roof, because you should not block your view out the rear-windshied (a significant safety hazard).
Cargo Safety

A few have models options for metal crash-tested screens to safely keep the cargo from coming into the passenger area – these include those made by Volvo and Saab.

Seating Capacity

Typically 5. A few wagons (Volvo) have options for a third row seat. This third row seat can be problematic from a safety perspective on many levels. 1. The child is riding in the cargo area – so unless the cargo area is completely empty (highly unlikely) the child is at risk of being severely hurt by flying cargo. 2. Since this vehicle seat is rear-facing, you can not install a car seat or booster seat here. Finally, there is a maximum weight limit on these seats (usually around 80 pounds) – so many of the kids that technically fit on these seats can not ride there, because they still need car seats/boosters to ride safely.

Access to 3rd Row Not Applicable
LATCH in Center The Dodge Magnum is currently the only wagon to offer LATCH in all 3 positions (all 3 can be used simultaneously)
Fuel Efficiency Moderate to Good
2nd Row Roominess

Total size of the vehicle is not a good indicator of the roominess of the back row. The biggest factor is how close to the doors (as opposed to the center of the vehicle) the lower LATCH anchors or the vehicle’s safety belts are anchored, as these greatly affect where the car seat must sit. Deep sculpting of the vehicle’s seat back – usually on the sides closest to the door – will force the car seat to sit closer to the center of the vehicle, leaving less room for other passengers/car seats. If you have 2 car seats and want to fit an adult in the back seat, you can maximize space by placing the 2 car seats side by side and allowing the adult to sit on the other side. While this is ideal, it is not possible to SECURELY install two car seats side by side in many sedans. With 2 car seats – one on either side - in the back seat, there is often not enough room for an adult to sit comfortably (or at all). A vehicle with 3 separate LATCH positions (like the Dodge Magnum) is likely to have the roomiest back seat.

Rollover Risk

Low. Wagons are built on a car chassis, which means they have low centers of gravity and are therefore less likely to rollover than an SUV. Due to its low center of gravity, it becomes more stable the heavier it becomes.


Trucks

Cargo Capacity Large capacity in the bed of the truck.
Cargo Safety

Poor. Unrestrained cargo in the bed of the pick-up can be a hazard not only to the passengers in the truck, but also to other vehicles as it can fly out of the truck during swerving and/or a crash. There is no safe place to store cargo in the passenger area of the pick-up.

Seating Capacity

Varies greatly. Some pick-ups have no back seat with others have side-facing jump seats. Still others have a back seat that has enough leg room to fit only a child, while others have more room than in many sedans.

Side facing jump seats can NEVER be used to secure a car seat or booster. Ideally no one should ever ride on a side-facing jump seat.

The pick-ups with small back seats often do not have enough room to secure a child restraint properly and/or allow enough room for a child’s head to move forward in a crash without hitting the back of the front seat.
If placing a rear-facing car seat in the back seat of a pick-up, consideration should be given to whether the baby’s head could hit the rear windshield in a crash (as a rear-facing seat will rotate toward the back of the vehicle in a rear-end crash or the rebound from a frontal crash). Using a convertible car seat (any of the Britax or the Sunshine Kids Radian) that allows you to use the top tether in the rear-facing position and securing the tether to the floor of the vehicle will prevent the child’s head from hitting the glass, because the tether will prevent the car seat from moving towards the back of the vehicle.

Children in forward-facing carseats will be adequately protected by the shell of the car seat.

Children in booster seats will usually need to use a high back booster to prevent their head from hitting the glass.

Older kids (too big for boosters) and adults are often poorly protected in pick-ups because there are often no head restraints and when there are they often do not come up high enough to protect heads and necks sufficiently.

Access to 3rd Row In pick-ups that have a second row of seats, accessing this can often be difficult, especially if there aren’t at least 3 doors to the truck.
LATCH in Center Not available
Fuel Efficiency Poor to Moderate
Back Row Roominess

The width of the back row is usually ample, but the leg room, and most importantly the head room, are often lacking.

Rollover Risk

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